Summary¶

Keypoints

The command line (CLI)
- an interface for typing commands directly to a computer’s operating system.
- often gives access to many more capabilities than the graphical user interface does.
- practical and normally faster in situations where you login with a terminal on a remote system.
The File System
- directory structure starts with the top root directory, shown as /.
- several standard subdirectories: usr/bin, home, usr/lib, usr/lib64, and usr/local/bin.
- important commands:
  - ls: lists files/directories
  - cd: change directory
  - chmod: change permissions
  - mkdir: create directory
  - rm: remove files or directories
  - cp: copy files or directories
  - mv: move or rename files or directories
- symbolic link: pointer to another file or directory
- environment variables: stores data that is used by the operating system and other programs. Can be exported and referenced.
Editors
- command-line: nano, vim, emacs
- gui: gedit, pluma, emacs
Data Handling
- compressing and decompressing
  - gzip/gunzip
  - bzip/bunzip
  - zip
- archiving
  - tar, tarballs
- file transfer and syncing
  - scp
  - sftp
  - rsync
- connecting
  - ssh
- finding patterns
  - grep
  - awk
  - wild cards
  - regular expressions
- scripting
- alias

Questions

More information

The Linux Handbook: https://linuxhandbook.com/
Linux Tutorial: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/linux-tutorial/
14 Free Training Courses to Learn Linux Online: https://itsfoss.com/free-linux-training-courses/
Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide: https://tldp.org/LDP/intro-linux/intro-linux.pdf
Linux Fundamentals: https://cloudacademy.com/course/linux-fundmentals-1346/the-linux-directory-structure/
Top 50+ Linux Commands You MUST Know: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/linux-commands
Glossary of Linux Terms: https://www.miralishahidi.ir/resources/Linux%20Terminology%20Glossary.pdf
Linux on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux
25 Easy Bash Script Examples: https://www.hostinger.com/tutorials/bash-script-example
HPC2N: https://docs.hpc2n.umu.se/tutorials/linuxguide/
UPPMAX: https://docs.uppmax.uu.se/getting_started/linux/
LUNARC: https://lunarc-documentation.readthedocs.io/en/latest/guides/linux/linux_basics_intro/
PDC: https://www.pdc.kth.se/support/documents/basics/introduction.html#basic-linux-for-new-hpc-users
HPC2N docs: https://docs.hpc2n.umu.se/